身边有很多朋友经常问我
There are a lot of friends who often ask me
甲醛到底是怎么回事
What's the matter with formaldehyde?
有没有什么有效的方法能够清除甲醛
Is there any effective way to clean up the formaldehyde
好吧，没能力解决甲醛的问题
Well, there's no ability to solve the problem of formaldehyde
但科普下甲醛方面的知识还是能做到的
But the knowledge of formaldehyde in popular science is still possible.
首先得告诉大家甲醛是什么
First of all, you have to tell you what the formaldehyde is
简单而言甲醛是一种无色气体
In simple terms, formaldehyde is a colorless gas
有特殊刺激气味对人眼、鼻等有刺激作用
There is a special irritation to the eye, the nose, and so on.
超过一定浓度对人体有致癌危险
More than a certain concentration has a risk of cancer in the human body
甲醛广泛存在于我们生活的方方面面
Formaldehyde is widely used in all aspects of our life
衣、食、住、行都沾边了
Clothing, food, shelter and transportation during the
甲醛对人体的影响非常大主要有以下几点
The effect of formaldehyde on the human body is very important.
知道了甲醛的危害
Know the harm of formaldehyde
我们来聊一下最关心的室内甲醛污染
Let's talk about the most concerned indoor formaldehyde pollution
而室内甲醛污染源主要来自于以下物品
The main source of indoor formaldehyde pollution comes from the following items
各类木家具
All kinds of wood furniture
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木家具在制作过程中
Wood furniture in the process of making
必须采用胶水来粘合
Glue must be used to bond
做家具的板材中含有大量胶水
The plate made of furniture contains a lot of glue
但现在大多数胶水都含有甲醛
But most of the glue now contains formaldehyde
因为甲醛虽然有毒
Because formaldehyde is toxic
但做胶水能增加粘合力
But making glue can increase the adhesion
不但效果好，而且成本低很多
Not only is the effect good, but the cost is much lower.
板材商、家具商都采用甲醛做成胶水
Plank merchants and furniture manufacturers all use formaldehyde to make glue
导致木家具含有甲醛
Cause wood furniture to contain formaldehyde
目前中国的板材执行标准主要是
At present, the main standard of board execution in China is
E0级（甲醛释放量≤0.5mg/L）
E0 (formaldehyde emissions less than 0.5mg/L)
E1级（甲醛释放量0.5mg-1.5mg/L）
E1 level (formaldehyde emission 0.5mg-1.5mg/L)
E2级（甲醛释放量大于1.5mg/L）
E2 level (formaldehyde emission is greater than 1.5mg/L)
E0级是现在级别最高的环保等级
The E0 level is now the highest level of environmental protection
但随着科学技术的发展
But with the development of science and technology
E0级板材已经不能满足需求
E0 level board can't meet the demand
因为它只代表甲醛剂量较小
Because it only represents a small dose of formaldehyde
并非完全无危害
Not completely harmless
E1级允许用于室内的板材但会有刺鼻的味道
The E1 level allows the board to be used indoors but has a pungent taste.
虽不强烈长时间居住会导致抵抗力下降
Inhabitation, though not strong for a long time, will lead to a decline in resistance
E2级则会有强烈性气味
The E2 level has a strong smell.
长时间居住会诱发多钟疾病包括白血病
Long time resides will induce multiple clock diseases including leukaemia
不适于人类居住尤其是儿童，孕妇等人群
Not suitable for human habitation, especially for children, pregnant women, etc.
在中国市场E1 E0级板材是普遍存在的
E1 E0 sheet is common in the Chinese market
最初中国引进这套环保标准
In the first place China introduced the environmental protection standard
目的是向国外看齐
The aim is to look abroad
但年代已远
But the age is far away
国外已经基本淘汰这套标准
Foreign countries have basically eliminated this set of standards
有更新更严格的标准出台
New and stricter standards are introduced
床垫
Mattress
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目前国内的床垫市场有椰棕和山棕两种
There are two kinds of domestic palm and coconut palm mattress Market
这些都不是问题
This is not a problem.
问题在于床垫也需要使用大量的胶
The problem is that the mattress also needs to use a lot of glue.
而基本上普通的床垫都不可能用天然乳胶
And basically ordinary mattresses are impossible to use natural latex
而是用脲醛胶等合成胶
Synthetic adhesives, such as urea formaldehyde glue, etc.
这种胶粘剂会释放甲醛有刺激性气味
This adhesive releases the irritating smell of formaldehyde
会危害人体健康
Harm to human health
甚至现在流行的一些乳胶垫中也大量含有甲醛
Even some of the now popular latex pads also contain a lot of formaldehyde
木地板
Wood floor
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因为木材本身成分中就有微量的醛
Because there is a small amount of aldehyde in the wood components.
而且地板生产过程中要使用胶粘剂
And the use of adhesives in the process of floor production
而甲醛是胶粘剂的主要成分之一
Formaldehyde is one of the main components of the adhesive
所以地板中会有甲醛
So there will be formaldehyde in the floor
中国的甲醛执行的是强制性标准为：
The enforcement of formaldehyde in China is mandatory.
E1级，≤1.5mg/L
E1, less than 1.5mg/L
同时，科普下地板
At the same time, the science popularization floor
现在国产地板普遍分为以下几种
Now the domestic floor is generally divided into the following
复合木地板、多层木地板
Composite wood floor, multi-storey wooden floor
三层木地板、实木地板
Three floors of wood floors and solid wood floors
复合木地板是用木屑压缩填充而成
The composite wood floor is filled with wood chips.
必须要用到大量胶水才能固定
You have to use a lot of glue to fix it.
因此，复合地板是含甲醛最多的
As a result, the composite floor is the most formaldehyde - containing
多层木地板又分为七层或九层
The multi-storey wooden floor is divided into seven or nine layers
层数确定了胶水的用量
The number of layers determined the amount of glue
三层木地板也用了胶水
The three floor of wood floor also used glue
但会比复合及多层木地板要少很多
But it's a lot less than the composite and multi-storey wood floors
而实木地板的确甲醛含量最少
And real wood floors do have the least formaldehyde content
但其价格昂贵、易变形、难维护
But it is expensive, easy to deform, and difficult to maintain
反正不做推荐
No recommendation
因此，选择三层实木地板是合理的
Therefore, it is reasonable to choose three layers of solid wood flooring
估计很多人还会问
It is estimated that many people will ask
乳胶漆或涂料会不会也是甲醛的重灾区
Whether latex paint or paint will be a serious disaster area for formaldehyde
其实，做为一种常用粘合剂
In fact, it is used as a common binder
乳胶漆或涂料里是一定含有甲醛的
A latex paint or coating that contains a certain amount of formaldehyde
但乳胶漆或涂料中最有害的物质
But the most harmful substance in latex paint or paint
主要是“挥发性有机化合物”
Mainly "volatile organic compounds"
一般简称为VOC
Generally referred to as VOC
VOC过量会刺激人的皮肤和眼睛
Excessive VOC can stimulate human skin and eyes
损害神经、造血等系统严重危害人体健康
Damage to nerve, hematopoiesis and other systems seriously harm the health of the human body
我国的VOC含量限制标准为200克/升
The limit of VOC content in China is 200 g / L
科普完了
Popular science
给大家拔草一些
Give you some weeding
除甲醛的错误方法
The wrong method of removing formaldehyde
用竹炭吸附
Adsorb with bamboo charcoal
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竹炭质地疏松、硬度较低
Bamboo charcoal is loose and low in hardness
在外力的作用下，微孔容易堵塞、变形
Under the effect of external force, the micropores are easily blocked and deformed
很难保持原状
It's hard to keep the original shape
完全不具备吸附甲醛的能力
The ability to adsorb formaldehyde completely
各类甲醛清除剂
Various kinds of formaldehyde scavenger
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这些清除剂只是阻隔了甲醛的释放
These scavengers only obstruct the release of formaldehyde
并不是真正的清除甲醛
It's not really clear of formaldehyde
当阻隔剂失效后甲醛仍会大量释放
Formaldehyde will still be released when the barrier agent fails
甚至有些清除剂会与甲醛发生化学反应
There are even some scavengers that react with formaldehyde.
还会生成其他有毒物质造成二次污染
Other toxic substances are also generated to cause two pollution
光触媒清除甲醛
Formaldehyde removal by photocatalyst
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首先要告诉大家的是它的确有用
The first thing to tell you is that it's really useful
但真正好的光触媒非常昂贵
But really good photocatalyst is very expensive
所以市面上一般都是假的或是劣质的
So the market is usually fake or inferior.
而且，光触媒会对物品表面造成腐蚀
Moreover, the photocatalyst can cause corrosion on the surface of the object
最令人担心的是
The most worrying thing is
光触媒本身的粒子对人体也是有害的
The particles of the photocatalyst itself are also harmful to the human body
用柚子皮、菠萝等水果吸附甲醛
Adsorption of formaldehyde with pomelo skin, pineapple and other fruits
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这种方法完全无用
This method is completely useless
只是柚子、菠萝本身香味很重
But pomelo and pineapple are very fragrant.
然后这种香味遮掩了甲醛的味道而已
And then this smell covers the taste of formaldehyde.
熏蒸食醋或喷清新剂
Fumigated vinegar or spray Freshener
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同上，也没用，只是清除异味而已
It's no use in the same way. It's just scavenging.
用绿植吸收甲醛
Formaldehyde absorption plant
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效果微乎其微
The effect is very small
除非你在这里摆个上千盆
Unless you put a thousand pots here
其它还有放茶叶渣、点蜡烛什么的
And there are other tea dregs and candles.
就不多说了
I don't say much.
而有什么行之有效的方法
And what's the best way to do it
能够快速清除甲醛呢？
Can the formaldehyde be cleared quickly?
现在告诉你
Now tell you
没有
No,
甲醛是缓释的，一时清除和检验合格没意义
Formaldehyde is slow release, and it is meaningless to clear up and test it for a time
比如木地板里的甲醛能释放20年
For example, the formaldehyde in the wood floor can be released for 20 years
所以大家装修，有能力还是买好一点的材料
So everyone decorates, has the ability to buy a little bit of material
而现今技术没有任何一种能够快速清除甲醛
And there is no one that can quickly remove formaldehyde from technology.
所以，我们今天主要讨论的是
So, what we're talking about today is
尽量减少家里的甲醛浓度
Minimize the concentration of formaldehyde in the home
并降低甲
And reduce the nail